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Cultural Awareness And Delivery Of Appropriate Care

Cultural Heritage As health care providers, it is imperative to acknowledge the relationship between cultural awareness and delivery of appropriate care. The first step in creating cultural awareness may begin by the provider assessing their own cultural heritage, and it’s views on health and wellness. Reflection on one’s cultural heritage requires knowledge and understanding of the concept of cultural heritage itself. When assessing my cultural heritage, I first examined the factors that are identified as contributors to one’s heritage. According the Joint Commission (2010), culture can be defined as â€Å"integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups†. Once reflecting on these patterns, I concluded that my ethnicity and religious upbringing were the two components of my heritage that most greatly affected my beha viors. I belong to the Franco American, English, and Scottish ethnic groups. However, being predominately Franco American and having closer relationships with my family members of this ethnicity as a child, I mainly identify with this group. Since their migration to various locations in New England; primarily throughout the late eighteen hundreds to early nineteen hundreds, French-Canadians have been recognized for their rigorous work ethics. Many immigrant men, women, and children worked in mills after relocating to theShow MoreRelatedCultural Awareness And Delivery Of Appropriate Care1392 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Autobiography Cultural Heritage As health care providers, it is imperative to acknowledge the relationship between cultural awareness and delivery of appropriate care. The first step in creating cultural awareness may begin by the health care provider assessing their own cultural heritage, and it’s views on health and wellness. Reflection on one’s cultural heritage requires knowledge and understanding of the concept of cultural heritage itself. When assessing my cultural heritage, IRead MoreCultural Awareness And Delivery Of Appropriate Care1388 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Heritage As health care providers, it is imperative to acknowledge the relationship between cultural awareness and delivery of appropriate care. The first step in creating cultural awareness may begin by the health care provider assessing their own cultural heritage, and it’s views on health and wellness. Reflection on one’s cultural heritage requires knowledge and understanding of the concept of cultural heritage itself. When assessing my cultural heritage, I first examined the factorsRead MorePediatric Nurse Practitioners : Care For Patients From A Diverse Cultures1170 Words   |  5 Pages Cultural Analysis Peggy Berthelette-Brochu NRSG 6275 Northeastern University March 15, 2016 Pediatric Nurse Practitioners will care for patients from a multitude of diverse cultures. This care requires an in-depth cultural understanding. Knowledge of cultures and learned skills are vital to provide effective quality care. The ever-changing demographics and disparities in health care present as challenging. Providing cultural competent care is the essential core in today’s vastRead MoreSocial And Emotional Wellbeing Of The Service User1066 Words   |  5 Pageshealth holistically and encompasses the physical, social, emotional and cultural wellbeing of individuals and communities . Also, land is central to their well being (National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, 2014; Whiteside, Tsey, Cadet-James, McCalm, 2014:). This would assist in identifying other issues which could be affecting the social and emotional wellbeing of the service user. Service Delivery As a service provider which offer services to Aboriginal and Torres StraitRead MoreIntercultural Abilities Nurses Should Have951 Words   |  4 Pageswithin the health care system. Therefore, nurses in general, or any healthcare professionals not only need to know how to care of patients from their culture, but they also must be able to care of patients from other cultures with different health beliefs, values, and practices. 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The Roles of Management in an Organization Free Essays

The success of an organization rests on the ability of managers to plan, organize, direct and control. ‘ The aim of this essay is to examine to what extent the above statement is an accurate appraisal of successful management? To illustrate the arguments put forward this essay will refer to the case study ‘The launch of the centaur’ taken from Paton et al text ‘Organizations, Cases, Issues and Concepts’. The case study reports on the problems that occurred when Centaur replaced Paravel car manufacturers. We will write a custom essay sample on The Roles of Management in an Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will include a study of Henri Fayol’s five key managerial elements in order to display whether it is essential to plan, organize, direct and control followed by practical examples drawn from the highlighted case study. Fayol’s career began as a mining engineer and then moved into research geology and in 1888 joined, Comambault as Director. The company was in difficulty but Fayol turned the operation round. On retirement he published his work – a comprehensive theory of administration – described and classified administrative management roles and processes then became recognised and referenced by others in the growing discourse about management. Fayol categorized management into five key elements, which can be seen in appendix one. The first of the elements is planning; Fayol believes that planning † means both to access the future and make provision for it†[1] Fayol views the â€Å"action plan† as the most useful output of the planning process. He notes that this plan must consider the firm’s resources, work- in-progress, and future trends of the eternal environment. Fayol also believes that a good action plan must consist of continuity, unity, flexibility and precision. Pugh and Hickson state that † The problems of planning which management must overcome are: making sure the objectives of each part of the organisation are securely welded together (Unity); using both short and long term forecasting (continuity); being able to adapt the plan in the light of changing circumstances (flexibility); and attempting to accurately predict courses of action Precision†[2]. The essence of planning is to allow the optimum use of resources. The views of Fayol and Pugh and Hickson illustrate the importance of planning when seeking to be a successful manager. The second of the elements is organizing, Fayol states that â€Å"personnel is the focus of this section†[3] He believes that managerial duties of an organisation must be realised through the use of personnel. He argues that despite the variety of business, every firm of similar employee size differs mainly in the † nature and relative value of constituent elements†[4]. The task of management is to build up an organisation that allows the activities to be carried out in an optimal manner. Pugh and Hickson state, â€Å"Central to this is a structure in which plans are effectively prepared and carried out. There must be unity of command and direction, clear definition of responsibilities, precise decision making backed up by an efficient system for selecting and training managers†[5]. The views of Fayol and Pugh and Hickson illustrate the importance of organizing when seeking to be a successful manager. Fayol has identified that there are many key objectives of organising, which can be located on Appendix two The Fayol’s third element comes logically after the first two, plan and control his third element is to command. In relation to the question command is part of the ability to direct. Fayol states that commanding is â€Å"the responsibility of every manager†[6]. The purpose of this is to achieve the maximum contribution from all personnel to help with the interests of the organization. Pugh and Hickson state that with the â€Å"ability to command the manager obtains the best possible performance from subordinates†[7]. Organisations have a variety of tasks to perform so co-ordination is needed, which is the fourth of Fayol’s elements and the other half of the ability to direct. Fayol has created a list of managerial duties/responsibilities, which are highlighted in Appendix 3 Fayol states â€Å"co-ordinating is the harmonisation of resources in their optimum proportions in order to achieve results†[8]. Pugh and Hickson backup Fayol’s view † essentially this is making sure that one departments efforts are coincident with efforts of other departments, and keeping all activities in perspective with regard to the overall aims of the rganisation†[9]. Fayol identifies some of the key characteristics of a well co-ordinated organisation. These characteristics are highlighted in Appendix 4. The fifth and final of Fayol’s five elements is controlling which logically checks the other four elements are performing correctly. Fayol states that controlling â€Å"consists o f the ongoing, routine verification of plan implementation, instructions issued and principles†[10]. Controlling applies to all processes and its purpose is to identify weaknesses and problems that can be rectified and to prevent recurrences. Fayol believes that organisations should be â€Å"cautious against infiltration of control†[11] such as duality of command. Fayol also stresses the need for independent, objective and impartial inspection. Pugh and Hickson believe that † to be effective, control must operate quickly and there must be a system of sanctions. The best way to ensure this is to separate all functions concerned with inspection from operation departments whose work they inspect†[12]. This backs up the view made by Fayol. The above views illustrate the importance of the ability to command when aiming to become a successful manager. Fayol’s managerial functions have been subject to in-depth analysis, which had led to the highlighting of various weaknesses. The main weakness is that the Fayol system is based upon assumption and clearly lacks consideration of human behaviour. One of his five elements taken from Pugh and Hickson (1996) â€Å"To forecast and plan – prevoyance† illustrates this. It is impossible to forecast every activity within the workplace e. g. arguments amongst staff, staff leaving the company and basically any emergencies that arrive. Some might believe that Fayol’s theoretical thinking placed too much importance on observation, Mintzberg (1989) himself suggests â€Å"If you ask managers what they do they will almost likely tell you that they plan, organize, co-operate and control. Then watch what they do. Do not be surprised if you can’t relate what you see to those four words†[13]. Mintzberg undertook an extensive study of executives at work. He categorized management into three groups that are divided into ten roles which can be seen in Appendix A Roles such as leadership, liaison, monitor, disturbance handler etc, which are not mentioned in Fayol’s model of management, clearly illustrate that interpersonal skill have been neglected in his management approach. This is seen, as a major weakness because interpersonal skills are essential in the day to day running of a business, as stated above it is impossible to foresee the future. Chris Argyris and David McGregor highlight other weaknesses Argyris (1957) noted that if classical principles of formal rganization are used, employees work in a certain environment (Appendix 6). This approach to organisations and their management has been subject to substantial criticism. It employs close system assumptions in order to reduce uncertainty and maximise control. Many of its principles are based on common sense â€Å"Truism† and suffer from generality, in that they lack specific guidelines for applications. It regards the organisation as machine and people as its compone nts, organisation without people. At its best it regards the individuals as only motivated by money. It, therefore, disregards the social and more complex needs of individuals in organisations. In the late 1950s, Douglas McGregor stressed the importance of Understanding the relationships between motivation and human nature. He believed that managers attempted to motivate employees using one of two basic approaches. The first was a negative theory, labeled theory X. Theory X Followed the traditional view of management based on direction and control. It Suggested that managers were required to coerce, control or threaten employees in order to motivate them. In contrast, the second was a positive theory, labeled Theory Y, and was based on new information about behavior. Theory Y suggested that managers believed that people are capable of being responsible and mature. Despite the above criticism the classical approach still remains influential even today. Many of its principles have formed the foundation for the development of the modern management concepts. It is advised that new managers should consider Fayol’s model of management but also consider other theories from academics such as Mintzberg. How to cite The Roles of Management in an Organization, Essays

Oedipus the King and Things Fa Essay Example For Students

Oedipus the King and Things Fa Essay Oedipus the King and Things Fall ApartThe poem Oedipus the King and the novel Things Fall Apart, there is some differences between these two stories. These two stories were very famous in the ancient time. Things Fall Apart has won the following awards: Nigerian National Trophy, Commonwealth Poetry Prize, Nigerian National Merit Award. Things Fall Apart and Related Readings becomes a complete literature unit with the Teachers Source Book which includes author information, background, chapter notes and 15 reproducible pages for student use (Things Online).Oedipus the King was also prized: Aristotle prized Oedipus the King so highly that he used it to illustrate many of his principles of tragedy (Sophocles 906). The background of Oedipus the King was also well-known. Many Americans have already known what is the poetry is about. Although these details were commonly known, there was disagreement about the outcome of Oedipuss life (Sophocles 906). The author of Oedipus the King, Sophocles, was born between 500 and 494 B.C.E. into an affluent Athenian family. He began acting and singing early, and her served as a choral leader in the celebrations for the defeat of the Persians at Marathon in 480 B.C.E. (Sophocles 906). He was a very famous author in the around in ancient time: Because of his dramatic and public achievements, he was venerated during his lifetime, and after his death in 406-405 B.C.E., a cult was established in his honor (Sophocles 906). The author of Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe, was born the son of Isaiah Okafo (Culross Online). He married Chrisitie Chinwe Okoli, and now has four children: Chinelo, Ikechukwu, Chidi, and Nwando (Culross Online). Achebe wrote this novel to reflect the African cultures: He also fiercely resents the stereotype of Africa as an undifferentiated primitive land, the heart of darkness, as Conrad called it. Throughout the novel he shows how African cultures vary among themselves and how they change over time (Chinua Online). However, Sophocles used a lot of irony in poetry, especially dramatic irony. For example, Oedipus the King killed his own father, Lauis, is major dramatic irony in this poetry. However, Chinua Achebe, has been able to avoid imitating the trends in English literature. (Culross Online). He rejecting the European notion that art should be accountable to no one, and needs to justify itself to nobody, as he puts it in his book of essays, Morning Yet on Creation Day (Culross Online).The characters of Oedipus the King and Things Fall Apart, Oedipus and Okonkwo, they were both experienced difficulty when they achieved their goal. That is really a tragedy for each a matter of their own personal failing and also a tragedy each experiences caused by outside forces over which they have no control. Indeed, they both a short temper. Oedipus is a person who gets angry easily. We can prove by examining his conversion with his brother-in-law: What is our trouble? How shall we cleanse ourselves? (Sophocles 910).However, Okonkwo is also with the same personality. Okonkwo has a very short, violent temper that is immediately triggered in response t actions that he deems to be weak. Okonkwo is a man who afraid he did not hold a title and he would be described as a woman; thus being an outcast of this society. That was how Okonkwo first came to know that agbala was not only anther name for woman, it could also mean a mean who had taken no tiltle. And so Okonkwo was ruled by one passionto hate everything that his father Unoka and had loved (Achebe 13). Okonkwo basically lived by the phrase, act first and think it thought later. Unfortunately, almost every time that Okonkwo lets loose his violent temper in his manly way, he brings trouble upon himself, as well as those around him. One way to explain his actions and the misfortunes that usually follow is to conclude that Okonkwo has bad luck. Another way of looking at this fact is to say tha t the events are a result of coincidence. However, I disagree with these views, and instead assets that Achebe deliberately made sure that after each of Okonkwos outbursts, a tragedy befell him and those around him. I think that Achebe could have been trying to hint to the reader that placing too much emphasis on acting manly is bad. Women role in and Africa in the ancient time is also discussed in novel. They were both married when they were a young lady: Young women were considered marriageable in their mid-teen (Chinua Online). Women were treated as a servant; their duties are cooking for their husbands, taking care everything of the household etc. And as he told them of the past they sat in darkness or the dim glow of logs, waiting for the women to finish their cooking. When they finished, each brought her bowl of foo-foo and bowl of soup to her husband (Achebe 54). The women had gone to the bush to children to visit their playmates in the neighboring compounds (Achebe 55). Howe ver, if they did something wrong, they may be suffered from beating: In keeping with the IBO view of female nature, the tribe allowed wife beating (Chun Online). A good example is found when Okonkwo beat his wife, Ojiugo, only because she went out to plait her hair. He walked back to his obi to await Ojiugos return. And when she returned he beat her very heavily (Achebe 29). Actually, it was really a big fault of Okonkwo since he beat her in the Week of Peace: You have committed a great evil (Achebe 30). But Okonkwo was not the man to stop beating somebody half-way through, not even for fear of a goddess (Achebe 30). He was really an irritable man that could not control himself. He had no respect for women. In fact, not only wives were treated badly, mothers were always ignored by their children. They forget their mothers when they were rich and happy; however, they refuge their mothers when they met difficulties and sadness: A man belongs to his fatherland when things are good and life is sweet. But when there is sorrow and bitterness he finds refuge in his motherland. A man has both joy and sorrow in his life and when the bad times come his mother is always there to comfort him (Chun Online). The importance of respecting mother nature is depicted in a story, for the gods of the sky withheld rain for seven years. He remembered the story she often told of the quarral between Earth and Sky long ago, and how Sky withheld rain for seven years, until crops withered and the dead could not be buried because the hoes broke on the stony Earth (Achebe 53).The earth goddess is to the Ibo people what mother nature is to the westerners, and without balance order is lost. Women were treated unfairly in ancient Greek. In Oedipus the King, Jacasta the Queen is a victim, but not as much as she is a catalyst for Oedipus own victimization. She keeps her faith throughout and tried to relieve Oedipus of his (Boyer Online). She finally committed suicide when the past of Oedipus wa s revealed. Hanging from above, entangled in some twisted hanging strands (Sophocles 938). Because of this, readers may in turn pity her and loathe her (Boyer Online). She However, as we referred to the article of The Goddess Eileithyia and the Role of Women in Ancient Greece, women played an interesting role in ancient Greek culture. While they were considered citizens of the state, they were not allowed to vote or even to compete in the Olympic games (The Goddess Online).That means women in ancient Greek, they were also trapped by the publics; they had no equal rights as men. Oedipus the King and Things fall apart are both tragedy which is form of drama, central to Western literature, in which a person of superior intelligence and character, a leader of the community. Overcome by the very obstacles he is struggling to remove (Encyclopedia Online). Tragedy can reflect another vision of life, again rooted in religious drama-the mystery plays and morality plays of medieval France an d England (Encyclopedia Online). There is also a tragedy when a drama or other literary work that recounts that fall of an individual who, while undergoing suffering, deals responsibly with the situations and dilemmas that her or she faces, and who thus demonstrates that value of human effort. In Oedipus the King, there is tragedy because Oedipus the King unwittingly killing his father and hen marrying his mother, the queen Jocasta. When the past of Oedipus the King was revealed, the queen Jocasta committed suicide and Oedipus decided to blind his eyes. After years of wandering as an exile, sustained by the loving care of his daughter Antigone (Sophocles Online).In the Things Fall Apart, there is also a tragedy because of the exile of Okonkwo in Mbanta: But the missionaries persevered, and in the end they were received by the rulers of Mbanta (Achebe 148). He was exiled since he killed many people. He killed the head of messenger who came to Umuofia to beak up a town meeting in ord er to show he was not weak.The setting of two stories had differences. In Things Fall Apart, the setting in the personal tragedy of Okonkwo. It set in an Ibo village in Nigeria in the late 1800s, this story unfolds like a Greek tragedy as traditional Ibo customs are challenged by new European ways. This classic was the first novel by an African writer included in the syllabus for students in English-speaking Africa (Things Online). In Oedipus the King, the setting in the case of most Greek tragedies, does not require a change of scene. Throughout the play the scene with at least one door represents the faade of the royal palace of Thebes. Even when action takes place inside the palace, such as Jocasta committed suicide and Oedipus blinded his eyes, there is no shift of scene. These interior actions are described in a speech delivered by a messenger rather than enacted before the audience. The messenger speech eliminates the need for scene changes, which, due to the limited resources of the ancient theater, would have been difficult and awkward. Sophocles, like Aeschylus and Euripides, made a virtue of the necessity of this convention of the ancient theater by writing elaborate messenger speeches which provide a vivid word picture of the offstage action. Dramatic irony is much-used literary device in this play. In conclusion, Oedipus the King and Okonkwo should have fought again his manly pride, which reminds them that killing someone should not bother them. However, Okonkwo has trouble accepting this, but must for fear of being considered weak, like a shivering old woman (Achebe 45). Another instance of Okonkwos hot temper arise while he and some other men are locked up in a cell and Okonkwo reaffirms how he believes they should have skilled Mr. Smith. Messenger overhears this remark and beats each of the men on their backs and heads with a large stick. A final illustration of Okonkwos rash actions leading to suffering for himself and hose around him occurs wh en he hastily kills the head messenger. The messenger was only able to speak 2 short sentences, before a furious Okonkwo assassinated him. This brings the ultimate suffering to Okonkwo, who hanged himself, as well as suffering for the rest of the tribe, who may not bury him and some of whom were brought to the curt where Okonkwo and the others suffered earlier. Okonkwos tragic flaw was his constantly flared temper, which was a result of a fear of being considered weak, or womanly. It was this temper that was constantly bringing problems to Okonkwo and others around him. In the end, Okonkwo could fight no more and had to take his own life. I believe that Achebe purposefully arranged the novel in this manner in order to convey that being manly is not as important as some believe it to be. In Oedipus the King, the story warns us against parricide and incest, and may cause its audience to feel guilty about violence against parents and incestuous behavior or desires. The message embodie d in the story is a powerful one, even thought we may not at first find it striking since we have become accustomed to the incest taboo. However, I think the theory about the Oedipus the king may have the same effect as the Oedipus story itself, as expressed in the form of myth, tragedy, and comedy.